past participle

Minulé príčastie je jeden z troch tvarov, ktoré sa učíš pri každom slovese: go – went – gone. Stojí po have v predprítomnom čase a po be v trpnom rode (made in Italy). Slovenčina nič také pri slovese nemá, preto sa tretí tvar oplatí učiť spolu s prvými dvoma.

Pravidelné slovesá

Pri väčšine slovies je minulé príčastie rovnaké ako jednoduchý minulý čas: sloveso + -ed.

Pravopisné pravidlá sú rovnaké ako pri jednoduchom minulom čase: live – lived, stop – stopped, study – studied.

Nepravidelné slovesá

Niektoré slovesá majú vlastné minulé príčastie. Uč sa ich v skupinách.

• Trikrát rovnaké: cut – cut – cut, put – put – put, let – let – let
• Minulý čas a príčastie rovnaké: buy – bought – bought, make – made – made, have – had – had, tell – told – told
• Tri rôzne tvary: see – saw – seen, go – went – gone, write – wrote – written, eat – ate – eaten, take – took – taken, be – was/were – been
• Návrat k prvému tvaru: come – came – come, run – ran – run, become – became – become

Got a gotten

Minulé príčastie od get je v britskej angličtine got a v americkej gotten, okrem have got.

Časté chyby

Často sa po have použije tvar jednoduchého minulého času.

• × I have went. → I have gone.
• × She's ate already. → She's eaten already.
• × Have you saw it? → Have you seen it?
• × We have wrote to him. → We have written to him.