有【yǒu】

有 covers both "have" and "there is". The same verb says who owns something and what is present in a place.

In the second pattern the place comes first and the thing comes last. The sentence introduces something the listener didn't know was there, so the new thing goes at the end.

The negative is 没有

不 never negates 有. The negative is méi yǒu没有, and in speech it shortens to 没 before the object: 我没钱.

• × 我不有钱 → 我没有钱

Questions

Add 吗, or use yǒu méi yǒu有没有. A short answer repeats the verb: 有 or 没有.

Counting with 有

When you give a number, the number and its measure word go between 有 and the noun. Each noun keeps its own measure word; 个 is not universal.

• × 我有三书 → 我有三本书

有 + noun as a description

Some nouns pair with 有 to describe what something or someone is like: yǒu yì si有意思 interesting, yǒu yòng有用 useful, yǒu míng有名 famous, yǒu qián有钱 rich. These take 很 like an adjective.