有【yǒu】

有 covers both "have" and "there is". The same verb says who owns something and says what is present in a place.

In the second pattern the place comes first and the thing comes last. That order is the whole point: the sentence introduces something the listener did not know was there, so the new thing goes at the end.

The negative is 没有, never 不有

没有 shortens to 没 before the object in speech: 我没钱.

Questions

Add 吗, or use 有没有.

An answer repeats the verb: 有 or 没有.

A number usually follows 有

English drops "a" freely; Chinese does not drop the measure word. wǒ我yǒu有gē ge哥哥 is possible but sounds incomplete – 我有一个哥哥 is the ordinary sentence.

有 for a quality someone possesses

A set of nouns pair with 有 to describe what something is like: 意思, 用, 名, 钱.