Lesson 8 of 126

The lesson

1.8 Countries & Nationalities

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Overview

Learn the names of common countries and how to say nationalities and languages in Japanese. These are among the first things you need for a basic self-introduction.

Japanese has two highly productive patterns for countries:

Country + じん = person from that country (nationality)

Japanese person

Country + ご = language of that country

Japanese language

Note that not all countries follow the ご pattern neatly. English is えいご (not アメリカご), and Chinese is ちゅうごくご or かんこくご (for Korean). These exceptions are listed below.

Common countries

Most country names are katakana loanwords from the original language. A few older names have kanji forms still in common use.

CountryJapaneseNationality (〜じん)Language (〜ご)
Japanにほん ()にほんじんにほんご
USAアメリカアメリカじんえいご
UKイギリスイギリスじんえいご
Australiaオーストラリアオーストラリアじんえいご
Canadaカナダカナダじんえいご / フランスご
Franceフランスフランスじんフランスご
Germanyドイツドイツじんドイツご
Spainスペインスペインじんスペインご
Italyイタリアイタリアじんイタリアご
Chinaちゅうごく ()ちゅうごくじんちゅうごくご
South Koreaかんこく ()かんこくじんかんこくご
Brazilブラジルブラジルじんポルトガルご
Russiaロシアロシアじんロシアご
Indiaインドインドじん(ヒンディーご など)

Self-introduction

I speak English.
Where are you from? (polite)
Where are you from? (casual)

Dialogue

A: Where are you from? B: I'm French. I'm from Paris. And you? A: I'm Korean.

A: Can you speak English? B: Yes, I can speak a little. I also speak Japanese. A: That's impressive.

New words

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