8.13 Purpose and cause

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Overview

Learn to express purpose and cause using ために, which means both "in order to" (intentional purpose) and "because of / due to" (a cause leading to a result, often unfortunate).

～ために is used to express purpose — doing something in order to achieve a goal.

Verb (dictionary form) + ために
Noun + の + ために

、。

I went to Japan in order to study Japanese.

、。

I exercise every day for my health.

The second action is intentional and done to achieve the first.

～ために can also express a cause, often with an unfortunate or serious outcome. This use is common in news, announcements, and writing.

、。

Due to heavy snow, the trains stopped.

、。

Because of an accident, the roads were crowded.

Points to keep in mind

～ために expresses purpose or cause

Dialogue

けんこう健康のために、まいあさ毎朝さん三じゅうぶん十分あるく歩くようにしています。にほんご日本語をじょうず上手になるために、まいにち毎日すこしずつ少しずつべんきょう勉強しています。せんしゅう先週、にほんご日本語のしけんをうける試験を受けるために、としょかん図書館でたくさんべんきょう勉強しました。しかし、おおゆき大雪のために、しけん試験とうじつ当日にでんしゃ電車がとまってしまいました止まってしまいました。しけん試験にまにあわせる間に合わせるために、たくしいタクシーをよびました呼びました。なんとか何とかかいじょう会場にはつけました着けましたが、あせった焦ったせいか、うまくかけませんでした書けませんでした。しょうらい将来のために、いま今からしかく資格をとっておきたい取っておきたいとおもっています思っています。ともだち友達もしょうらい将来のしごと仕事のために、こん今だいがくいん大学院にかよっています通っています。せんげつ先月はたいふう台風のために、あうとどあアウトドアのいべんとイベントがちゅうし中止になりました。もくひょう目標のためにどりょく努力をつづける続けることがたいせつ大切だとかんじています感じています。

For my health, I try to walk for thirty minutes every morning. In order to improve my Japanese, I study a little every day. Last week, I studied hard at the library in order to take a Japanese exam. However, due to heavy snowfall, the train stopped on the day of the exam. I called a taxi in order to make it to the exam in time. I managed to reach the venue, but perhaps because I was flustered, I couldn't write well. I want to obtain qualifications now for the sake of my future. My friend is also attending graduate school now for the sake of their future career. Last month, an outdoor event was cancelled due to a typhoon. I feel that it is important to keep making efforts for one's goals.

8.12 Even though

8.14 Passive Voice

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