に引き換え sets two things side by side so that one shows the other up: "in contrast to", "whereas". It follows a noun, or a clause turned into a noun with , and one side is good while the other is bad.
、。
Unlike her diligent older sister, the younger one does nothing but play.
、。
The older brother gets good grades, whereas the younger one doesn't study at all.
、。
Unlike last year's heatwave, this summer has had a lot of cool days.
A な-adjective or a noun takes な before の.
、。
My mother is a great cook, whereas I can't make anything.
- × 母が料理上手のに引き換え → 母が料理上手なのに引き換え
に引き換え or に比べて
measures two things on one scale and can be neutral. に引き換え carries a judgement – praise for one side, complaint or regret about the other – so a neutral measurement does not take it.
、。
Osaka is a little smaller than Tokyo.
- × 東京に引き換え、大阪は少し小さい → 東京に比べて、大阪は少し小さい
also contrasts two sides without the judgement.
それに引き換え
The pattern is on the formal side. In conversation it turns up mostly as at the start of a sentence, pointing back to what was just said.
。、。
Tanaka always comes early. You, on the other hand, are late every day.
Lingaku