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LingakuLingaku[noun] + を踏まえて [noun] + を踏まえた + [noun] [noun] + を踏まえ + (clause)
Variant forms:
The expression を踏まえて (をふまえて) means "based on," "taking into account," or "in light of." It is used when someone considers certain facts, experiences, results, or circumstances as a foundation before making a decision, giving an opinion, or taking action. The verb ふまえる踏まえる literally means "to step on" or "to stand on," so the metaphorical sense is that you are standing on established information as your basis.
This is a formal expression commonly found in business settings, academic writing, news reports, and official speeches. It conveys a deliberate, reasoned approach – the speaker is not acting arbitrarily but is grounding their actions or conclusions in something concrete.
The pattern is Noun + を踏まえて + action/decision/opinion:
を踏まえて can appear in several grammatical forms depending on how it connects to the rest of the sentence:
を踏まえた + Noun – modifying a noun directly
を踏まえ – a more formal, written variant (dropping て)
The noun before をふまえて踏まえて typically refers to objective information – data, results, feedback, experiences, facts, circumstances, or opinions that serve as a rational basis. Common nouns include けっか結果 (results), けいけん経験 (experience), じょうきょう状況 (situation), いけん意見 (opinions), はんせい反省 (reflection), and じじつ事実 (facts).
Compared to more casual expressions like 〜～をもとに ("based on"), を踏まえて carries a stronger nuance of careful deliberation – the speaker has thoroughly considered the information before acting. It is more formal and weighty, making it appropriate for N1-level contexts such as policy discussions, business proposals, and formal reports.