であれ～であれ | Grammar

Structure

Noun A
- であれ + Noun B
  - であれ
Na-adj A
- であれ + Na-adj B
  - であれ

A and B are typically contrasting or parallel options. Three or more items possible: A であれ B であれ C であれ

Description

The structure であれ～であれ is used to present two or more alternatives and state that the result or judgment applies regardless of which one it is. It translates to "whether A or B," "no matter if it's A or B," or "be it A or B." This is a formal, written expression commonly found in essays, speeches, and formal discussions.

ああるA and bB are typically **nouns** or **na-adjectives** that represent contrasting or parallel options.

、。

Whether male or female, anyone can apply for this job.

、。

Whether you agree or disagree, please state your opinion.

Usage nuances

The key nuance of であれ～であれ is that it dismisses the relevance of the distinction between the listed items. The speaker emphasizes that the conclusion holds true in all cases.

、。

Whether public or private, the quality of education is what matters.

This pattern can also list more than two items by repeating であれ:

、。

Whether Japanese, American, or Chinese – anyone can participate.

であろうと～であろうと has a very similar meaning and is equally formal.
でも～でも is the casual equivalent used in everyday conversation.
であれ (single use, without repetition) can also mean "even if it is ~" and functions similarly to であっても.

Examples

、。

Whether child or adult, one must follow the rules.

、。

Whether domestic or overseas, I am prepared to work anywhere.

、。

Whatever the reason may be, violence is not acceptable.

、。

Whether rich or poor, everyone is equal before the law.

、。

Whether sunny or rainy, the match will be held as scheduled.

、。

Whether experienced or inexperienced, we welcome motivated people.

、べき。

Whether a full-time employee or a part-timer, one should work responsibly.

、べき。

No matter who the other person is, you should treat them politely.

、。

Whether the result is success or failure, there is meaning in having tried.

、。

Whether a large corporation or a small business, they need to fulfill their social responsibilities.

、べき。

Whether in the past or the present, discrimination should never be tolerated.

References

であれ-であれBunpro

Structure

Description

Usage nuances

Related forms

Examples

References