また

また is an adverb and conjunction used to express repetition ("again"), addition ("also, moreover, additionally"), or to introduce another item or topic. Its meaning depends on context and position in the sentence.

Again (repetition)

The most common use of また is to indicate that something happens again or once more. It is placed before the verb or at the beginning of the sentence.

This usage often carries a neutral or positive tone, though it can also express mild frustration when something undesirable repeats:

Also / Moreover / Additionally (adding information)

また can function as a conjunction meaning "also," "moreover," or "additionally," connecting two sentences or clauses. In this usage it often appears at the beginning of a new sentence or clause.

This usage is somewhat formal and is common in writing, presentations, and structured speech. In casual conversation, people more often use それに or あと for "also / additionally."

Another / Yet another

また can be placed before a noun to mean "another" or "yet another," suggesting something in addition to what was already mentioned.

またの – set expressions

In some fixed expressions, また takes the particle の to modify a noun directly:

また～も – "also… too"

また can combine with も to emphasize that something else also shares a quality or action: