starts a second sentence that adds one more point in the same direction as the first: "on top of that", "besides". Good is stacked on good, bad on bad. The added point often carries
or
.
。、。
This restaurant is cheap. On top of that, the food is good.
。、。
He is smart. On top of that, he is good at sports too.
。、。
I got lost. On top of that, it even started to rain.
Same direction only
The second sentence has to push the same way as the first. For a contrast, use or .
。、。
This room is spacious. But the rent is high.
- × この部屋は広い。その上、家賃が高い → この部屋は広い。でも、家賃が高い
No requests after その上
What follows その上 is a fact or a judgement, never a request, an order or an invitation. To add a second request, use .
。、。
I have a headache today. On top of that, I have a fever.
。、。
Please clean the room. And then do the laundry too.
- × 部屋を掃除してください。その上、洗濯もしてください → 部屋を掃除してください。それから、洗濯もしてください
その上, それに and しかも
All three add a point. is the conversational choice. その上 sounds a little more written and fits essays and formal speech. stresses that the added fact is surprising, and it can join two halves of one sentence.
、。
This shop is cheap, and what's more, the food is good.
Lingaku