も

The particle も is used to express inclusion, meaning "also" or "too" in English. It replaces particles like は, が, or を when marking the same grammatical role.

• Inclusion (also/too)

  Adds another item or subject to a previously mentioned category or situation.

  かれ彼もいきます行きます。

  He is also going.
  ねこ猫もすき好きです。

  I like cats too.

• Adding Emphasis

  When used with negatives or conditionals, も can add emphasis, often meaning "even" or "as well."

  いちにち一日もやすまなかった休まなかった。

  I didn’t take even a single day off.
  みず水ものまなかった飲まなかった。

  I didn’t even drink water.

• Pairing with Question Words

  When used with interrogative words, も creates universal statements, meaning "every" or "none" depending on the verb's polarity.

  なん何もありません。

  There is nothing.
  いつもげんき元気です。

  I am always energetic.

Combining with other Particles

も can combine with other particles to indicate inclusion in specific grammatical roles.

• にも (to/for also)
  わたくし私にもぷれぜんとプレゼントをくれました。

  They gave a present to me, too.
  こども子供にもわかるせつめい説明です。

  It’s an explanation that even children can understand.
• でも (even)
  かんたん簡単なもんだい問題でもまちがえました間違えました。

  I made a mistake even on an easy problem.
  みず水でもいいですかきごう？

  Is water okay, too?
• とも (with also)
  かれ彼ともはなしました話しました。

  I also talked with him.
  がっこう学校のともだち友達ともあそびます遊びます。

  I also play with my school friends.
• へも (to also)
  あす明日とうきょう東京へもいきます行きます。

  I will also go to Tokyo tomorrow.
  がっこう学校へもれんらく連絡しました。

  I also contacted the school.