This meaning refers to a formal process that validates or certifies a particular qualification, status, or standard. It can be used in contexts where an official body evaluates and approves a given state or condition.

This meaning highlights the aspect of an examination specifically designed to assess skills, knowledge, or qualifications in a particular field. It is often used in educational or professional contexts where individuals are tested to receive licenses or certifications.

This meaning is used primarily in statistics or scientific research, where it refers to the methodological testing of a hypothesis to determine its validity or to make conclusions based on data analysis.